Many pet owners receive a suspected diagnosis of cancer in their dog or cat because of the detection of a hypercalcaemia (elevated blood calcium levels) in the blood. As a result, they are naturally very confused and want to know for sure what is going on with their pet, what the underlying disease is.
A study by emergency medicine physicians at the College of Veterinary Medicine at Cornell University in Ithaca examined disease data from more than 15200 dogs and 3700 cats. An increase in calcium levels was found in 10.7% of the dogs and 3.2% of the cats.
The researchers noted that mild hypercalcaemia is often transient and can be considered clinically insignificant. Here is a table of the most common causes of hypercalcaemia in dogs and cats:
Results Tables
Dog | percentage of occurrence |
---|---|
Transient, non-pathological |
70,6 % |
Malignant tumours |
12,9 % |
Primary hyperparathyroidism |
4,6 % |
Addison’s disease |
1,7 % |
Renal insufficiency |
1,2 % |
Cat | percentage of occurrence |
---|---|
Transient, non-pathological |
28,6 % |
Malignant tumors |
22,7 % |
Renal insufficiency |
13,4 % |
Idiopathic hypercalcemia |
12,6 % |
Lactulose administration |
6,7 % |
Primary hyperparathyroidism |
3,4 % |
These records show that the diagnosis of tumour only applies to one in ten dogs and one in five cats. In the majority of dogs it is a transient disease, in cats unfortunately only in about every fourth cat.
A thorough clarification of the cause of hypercalcaemia, especially in cats, therefore seems necessary, whereas in dogs a repeat blood test could often be sufficient.